POINTS TO REMEMBER BEFORE CONCRETING

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Plaster for the sheet gaps: Once centering is completed this activity need to be performed. This will be done to avoid concrete mix leaks.

before keeping steel mat for molding this activity need to be performed. You can observe that in below mentioned picture

Oil for sheets:

Used engine oil will be applied to iron sheets so that at the time of sheet removal it will be easier

In below picture for left side portion sheets oil is not applied but for the right side portion sheets oil is applied

Sheets with oil

Mats for Molding:

Now a days people are using mats on top of metal sheets.

With this we have two advantages.

§  While pouring cement mixture, cement mix will not go waste because of gaps in between sheets

§  No need of hocking at the time of centering removal.

Points to consider:

§  Spray water before pouring concrete on these mats so that gaps will get reduced.

§  These mats are made up with “Jammu” it will get expanded little bit if you pour water on it

§  Remove these mats immediately after centering sheets are removed. it will be easier to remove when it is wet.

§  other wise you need to spray water and remove them which will be an extra work

Observe below pictures to get clear idea

Inverted beams:

§      Usually Inverter beams will come if you are going to construct a wall where there is no beam.

§      So for example during ground floor molding time you should have first floor plan ready.      

Hooks in the roof:

§  Hooks in the roof will be helpful to hang caddles in hall and bedroom.

§  This will be useful for the families who has infants/children.

§  <attach photo here>

Binding extension pillars with rings:

§      After molding no one should hold pillar rods. If some holds pillar rod and leaves, it will create few small vibations and these vibrations will leave small gaps in pillars.

 vibrator

§      Check Vibrator is in working condition or not

§      Usually Meastri’s won’t bring Petrol while bringing Vibrator. So bring petrol beforehand

Concrete ready roof:

Sufficient Meterial:

§      Owner has to make sure he has sufficient sand, jelly and cement for Molding

§      For 30*40 Site (Molding area will be around 1000 sft excluding beams)

        bring 100 bags of cement, ~ 700 cft of sand, ~700 cft of 20 mm gravel (20 MM jelly).

covering stones:

§      Covering stones are the most important thing which you need to remember with out fail

§      Covering stone is a flat thin piece of a stone. These stones will be kept below steel rods to avoid contact between sheet centering and steel rod

§      These stone will keep some gap between molding sheet and steel rod. So that concrete will go in between

BUILDING STAIRCASE CONSTRUCTION

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Usually steps will be 6″ to 7″ height. Normally For 30 * 40 site staircase size will be around 5 feet OR 6 feet.

The more space you have for steps is more comfortness you will get.

 Steps will be constructed in two or three different ways

<Attach photos>

Below Picture shows the base for Steps. At the place of steps landing mason will dig one to two feet depth and they will pour concrete.

<Attach photos>

While constructing staircase stairs side edges should be upper than steps. So that water flow will not come outside of steps. This will be useful mainly during rainy seasons.

<Attach photo here>

If you are constructing staircase steps with cement, thread marks should be applied to each stair which will give good grip

<Attach photo here>

If you are covering steps with kadapa stones ask layer to draw lines on edges

<Attach photo here>

While selecting clay tiles select the ones which has grip

<Refer picture in Stair case designs section — embossed grip>

<Attach few clay tiles photos>

You should ask mason to keep staircase water borders, this will avoid water coming below stair case.

<Attach a photo here>

Lighting

Plan your lighting  such a way so that it is visible in both of the stairs.

If you look at the below picture light  ket in landing place so that if you switch-on the light you can see the stairs in both directions. I do see most of the people neglect this but this is extremely useful

Stair case designs:

By using different clay color tiles you can design a pattern which will give good look for staircase.

In below picture 2′ red tile was kept in between and 6 inch black tile.

Fish Bone Steps:

Steps with Granite

Gru cutting (line at the edge of each step) will give proper grip so that it will not skid. In case if you are going with granite steps make this arrangement

Steps with cement finish

BUILDING PAINT PROCESS

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There are no strict rules to follow the below process but most of the people will follow the same process .One important thing is to make a note of color name and number. Now color mixing is done through software. Vendor will mix the selected paint into white base of paint category. Make sure to note down the number of the paint for the future purposes.

Inside house painting process :

Painting is a five step process for new house(inside house).

First painters will clean building walls and cealing

1.Apply primer

2.Apply wall putty

3.Apply wall putty — second coat

4.apply selected paint coat

5.apply selected paint coat — final one

Applying Primer: This is the first step in painting process.

Applying Putty:This process will bring smooth surface to the walls. To identify/test smoothness you can take a tube light and wall under that lighting , you will come to know smoothness of wall.

If plastring was not done properly then you will end up spending more amount on wall putty

Applying paint: Once putty was applied then paint quote will start.

once you finish one quote of painting electrical people will fix switches.

Carpenters can start working on wardrobes and kitchen wood work

Once you finish all the works in house you can go for second quote.

You can paint second quote once after Gruha Pravesham because of homam paint color may change.

Outside house painting process :

Painting is a three step process for new house

First painters will clean building walls

1.Apply primer

2.apply selected paint coat

3.apply selected paint coat — final one

Painters are painting primer for outside walls

After applying the primer

Painters are painting first quote of outside painting

Painters are doing sanding — inside the building

Room after sanding is done

protecting the electric switches with taps — before painting process

What are the IS Codes used Building Construction Practices?

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Following are the IS codes which are used for Building Construction Practices. These IS Codes include standardization in the field of Building Construction Practices and drawing up of codes of practice for building construction and maintenance along with timber structures, masonry, unreinforced masonry, reinforced masonry and other test methods

IS 883:1994 Code of practice for design of structural timber in building

IS 965:1963 Equivalent metric units for scales, dimensions and quantities in general construction work

IS 1414:1989 Code of practice for fixing of wall coverings

IS 1477(Part 1):1971 Code of practice for painting of ferrous metals in buildings: Part 1 Pre treatment

IS 1477(Part 2):1971 Code of practice for painting of ferrous metals in buildings: Part 2 Painting

IS 1597(Part 1):1992 Code of practice for construction of stone masonry: Part 1 Rubble stone masonry

IS 1597(Part 2):1992 Code of practice for construction of stone masonry: Part 2 Ashlar masonry

IS 1634:1992 Code of practice for design and construction of wood stairs for houses

IS 1649:1962 Code of practice for design and construction of flues and chimneys for domestic heating appliances

IS 1834:1984 Specification for hot applied sealing compound for joints in concrete

IS 1838(Part 1):1983 Specification for preformed fillers for expansion joint in concrete pavement and structures (non extruding and resilient type): Part 1 Bitumen impregnated fibre

IS 1838(Part 2):1984 Specification for preformed fillers for expansion joint in concrete pavement and structures (non extruding and resilient type) Part 2 CNSL Aldehyde resin and coconut pith

IS 1905:1987 Code of practice for structural use of unreinforced masonary

IS 1946:1961 Code of practice for use of fixing devices in walls, ceilings and floors of solid construction

IS 2110:1980 Code of practice for in-situ construction of walls in building with soil-cement

IS 2115:1980 Code of practice for flat roof finish: Mud phuska

IS 2116:1980 Specification for sand for masonry mortars

IS 2118:1980 Code of practice for construction of jack-arch type of built-up floor or roof

IS 2119:1980 Code of practice for construction of brick-cum-concrete composite (Madras terrace) floor and roof

IS 2204:1962 Code of practice for construction of reinforced concrete shell roof

IS 2212:1991 Code of practice for brick works

IS 2250:1981 Code of practice for preparation and use of masonry mortars

IS 2338(Part 1):1967 Code of practice for finishing of wood and wood- based materials: Part 1 Operations and workmanship

IS 2338(Part 2):1967 Code of practice for finishing of wood and wood- based materials: Part 2 Schedules

IS 2366:1983 Code of practice for nail-jointed timber construction

IS 2395(Part 1):1994 Code of practice for painting of concrete, masonry and plaster surfaces: Part 1 Operations and workmanship

IS 2395(Part 2):1994 Code of practice for painting of concrete, masonry and plaster surfaces: Part 2 Schedules

IS 2441:1984 Code of practice for fixing ceiling coverings

IS 2524(Part 1):1968 Code of practice for painting of non-ferrous metals in buildings: Part 1 Pretreatment

IS 2524(Part 2):1968 Code of practice for painting of non-ferrous metals in buildings: Part 2 Painting

IS 2527:1984 Code of practice for fixing rainwater gutters and downpipes for roof drainage

IS 2700:1987 Code of practice for roofing with wooden shingles

IS 2792:1964 Code of practice for design and construction of stone slab over joist floor

IS 2858:1984 Code of practice for roofing with mangalore tiles

IS 3140:1965 Code of practice for painting asbestos cement building products

IS 3414:1968 Code of practice for design and installation of joints in buildings

IS 3548:1988 Code of practice for glazing in buildings

IS 3629:1986 Specification for structural timber in building

IS 3630:1992 Code of practice for construction of non-load bearing gypsum block partitions

IS 3670:1989 Code of practice for construction of timber floors

IS 4101(Part 1):1967 Code of practice for external facings and veneers: Part 1 Stone facing

IS 4101(Part 2):1967 Code of practice for external facings and veneers: Part 2 Cement concrete facing

IS 4101(Part 3):1985 Code of practice for external cladding: Part 3 Wall tiling and mosaics

IS 4407:1967 Code of practice for reed walling

IS 4597:1968 Code of practice for finishing of wood and wood based products with nitrocellulose and cold catalysed materials

IS 4891:1988 Specification for preferred cut sizes of structural timber

IS 4920:1968 Glossary of terms applicable to roof coverings

IS 4924(Part 1):1968 Method of test for nail jointed timber trusses: Part 1 Destructive test

IS 4924(Part 2):1968 Method of test for nail jointed timber trusses: Part 2 Proof test

IS 4983:1968 Code of practice for design and construction of nailed laminated timber beams

IS 5119(Part 1):1968 Code of practice for laying and fixing of sloped roof covering: Part 1 Slating

IS 5389:1969 Code of practice for laying of hardwood parquet and wood block floors

IS 5390:1984 Code of pracatice for construction of timber ceilings

IS 5807(Part 1):1975 Methods of test for clear finishes for wooden furniture: Part 1 Resistance to dry heat

IS 5807(Part 2):1975 Methods of test for clear finishes for wooden furniture: Part 2 Resistance to wet heat

IS 5807(Part 3):1971 Methods of test for clear finishes for wooden furniture: Part 3 Resistance to marking by oils.

IS 5807(Part 4):1975 Methods of test for clear finishes for wooden furniture: Part 4 Resistance to marking by liquids

IS 5807(Part 5):1975 Methods of test for clear finishes for woode furniture: Part 5 Test for low angle glare

IS 5807(Part 6):1978 Methods of test for clear finishes for wooden furniture: Part 6 Resistance to mechanical damage

IS 6061(Part 1):1971 Code of practice for construction of floor and roof with joists and filler blocks: Part 1 With hollow concrete filler blocks

IS 6061(Part 2):1981 Code of practice for construction of floor and roof with joists and filler blocks: Part 2 With hollow clay filler blocks

IS 6061(Part 3):1981 Code of practice for construction of floor and roof with joists and filler blocks: Part 3 With precast hollow clay block joists and hollow clay filler blocks

IS 6061(Part 4):1981 Code of practice for construction of floor and roof with joists and filler blocks: Part 4 With precast hollow clay block slab panels

IS 6313(Part 1):1981 Code of practice for anti-termite measures in buildings: Part 1 Constructional measures

IS 6313(Part 2):2001 Code of practice for anti-termite measures in buildings: Part 2 Pre-constructional chemical treatment measures.

IS 6313(Part 3):2001 Code of practice for anti-termite measures in buildings: Part 3 Treatment for existing buildings

IS 6332:1984 Code of practice for construction of floors and roofs using precast doubly-curved shell units

IS 6509:1985 Code of practice for installation of joints in concrete pavements

IS 7683:1975 Code of practice for design, fabrication and maintenance of nail-jointed timber posts from small dimensional timber for overhead electric distribution lines for low voltages.

IS 9472:1980 Code of practice for laying mosaic parquet flooring

IS 9954:1981 Pictorial surface preparation standards for painting of steel surfaces

IS 10388:1982 Specification for corrugated coir, woodwool,cement roofing sheets

IS 10439:1983 Code of practice for patent glazing

IS 10440:1983 Code of practice for construction of RB and RBC floors and roofs

IS 10566:1983 Methods of tests for preformed fillers for expansion joints in concrete paving and structural

IS 10957:1999/ ISO 2444:88 Joints in buildings – Vocabulary

IS 10958:1984/ ISO 3447:75 General check list of functions of joints in building

IS 10959:1984/ ISO 6927:81 Glossary of terms for sealants for building purposes

IS 11096:1984 Code of practice for design and construction of bolt jointed timber construction

IS 11134:1984 Code of practice for setting out of buildings

IS 11433(Part 1):1985 Specification for one-part gun-grade polysulphide- based joints sealants: Part 1 General requirements

IS 11433(Part 2):1986 Specification for one-part gun-grade polysulphide- based joint sealants: Part 2 Methods of tests

IS 11817:1986/ ISO 7727:84 Classification of joints in buildings for accommodation of dimensional deviations during

IS 11818:1986/ ISO 6589:83 Method of test for laboratory determination of air permeability of joints in buildings

IS 12093:1987 Code of practice for laying and fixing of sloped roof covering using plain and corrugated galvanized steel sheets

IS 12118(Part 1):1987 Specification for two-parts polysulphide-based sealants: Part 1 General requirements

IS 12118(Part 2):1987 Specification for two-parts polysulphide-based sealants: Part 2 Methods of tests

IS 12506:1988 Code of practice for improved thatching of roof with rot and fire retardant treatment.

IS 12727:1989 Code of practice for no-fines cast in situ cement concrete

IS 13077:1991 Guide for preparation and use of mud mortar in masonary

IS 14428:1997 Painting of structures in aggressive chemical environment – Guidelines

IS 15183(Part 1):2002 Guidelines for maintenance management of buildings: Part 1 General

IS 15183(Part 2):2002 Guidelines for maintenance management of buildings: Part 2 Finance

IS 15183(Part 3):2002 Guidelines for maintenance management of buildings: Part 3 Labour

IS 15345:2003 Installation of frameless door and window shutters – Code of practice

SP 1650: 1973 Standard colours for building and decorative finishes (with supplement)

SP 20(S&T): 1991 Handbook on masonry design and construction

SP 21(S&T): 1983 Summaries of Indian Standards for building

SP 25(S&T): 1984 Handbook on causes and prevention of cracks in building

SP 62(S&T): 1997 Handbook on building construction practices (excluding electrical work)