SEPTIC TANK DEFINITION & IT’S PROCESS – A GLANCE

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SEPTIC TANK DEFINITION & IT’S PROCESS – A GLANCE 

SEPTIC TANK DEFINITION:

A septic tank is a chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, PVC or plastic, through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for primary treatment. Settling and anaerobic processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment is only moderate. Septic tank systems are a type of onsite sewage facility 

SEPTIC TANK LOCATION:

•  Mostly Septic tanks are suitable for rural & urban areas where proper sewer systems are not available.
• At Present, every domestic/commercial building having the septic tank, in order to retain the sewage waste for sometime before it gets down to sewer line to avoid any blockage.
• Basically, the septic tank is constructed of concrete/brick wall with the rectangular shape and it should have a minimum of two chambers.

PROCESS:

• The effluent may be either Liquid or solid waste received from household to septic tank through the inlet pipe. The septic tank was designed to store the wastewater at the minimum period of 18 hours to 24 hours, it is called detention period.
• During this time period, the sludge was decomposed by the biological action of anaerobic bacteria and the solid waste settled down as sludge. Then the surface water runs to the soak pit through an outlet pipe. Then the settled sludge shall remove after 1 or  2 years.

SOAK PIT:

•  A pit dug under the natural ground, constructed in a circular shape with dry bricks or stone with the mortar joint free, where water can easily soak into the ground is known as soak pit. The top portion was closed by RCC Slab & accessible. It should not less than 900mm Dia,  1500mm Depth. At the same time, it should not below 2m from the groundwater. 

Do’s:-

1.   The Tank should be constructed at the correct place & required size.

2.   Reduce the water usage to avoid the tank full in short period and also save the water.

3.   Do the sludge removal regularly at a certain time period.

4.   Inspect the septic tank regularly.

5.   Construct the septic tank without disturbing the groundwater.

6.   If any blockage has happened in septic tank act immediately to resolve the problem.

7.   Manhole should provide to access the tank easily.

Don’t Do’s:-

1.   Due to the insufficient tank capacity, the flushed wastewater may back up to our home so the capacity of the tank is very important.

2.   Don’t flush the garbage, sanitary items, paper or other solid material to avoid unnecessary blockage.

3.   The other source of water should not enter in the septic tank.

4.   The wastewater should not run in the natural ground to secure the environment.